Széles körben elterjedt vélekedés szerint diabetesspecifikus (cukorbetegségre jellemző) idült szövődmények csak diabetesben alakulhatnak ki. Számos klinikai megfigyelés utal azonban arra, hogy diabeteses microangiopathiás szövődmények (retinopathia, nephropathia és neuropathia diabetica) praediabetesben, azaz a diabetes kórmegelőző stádiumában is kimutathatók. Praediabetesben [csökkent glükóztolerancia (IGT) stádiumában] végzett nem farmakológiai intervenció adatai igazolják, hogy életmód-terápiával nemcsak az újonnan kialakuló 2-es típusú diabetes incidenciája szorítható vissza, hanem ily módon a cardiovascularis kockázati tényezők számszerű értékei és a már detektálható, enyhe fokú microangiopathiás szövődmények jelei is csökkenthetők.
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