Az utóbbi évek tanulmányai a komplementer és alternatív gyógymódok (CAM) egyre gyakoribb alkalmazásáról tudósítanak gyulladásos bélbetegségben (IBD). Ugyanakkor az is egyre nyilvánvalóbb, hogy a betegek jelentős hányada nem tartja be az orvos előírásait. A tanulmány célja a terápiás nonadherencia és a CAM-alkalmazás gyakoriságának felmérése volt hazai IBD-betegekben. Módszer: multicentrikus vizsgálatban 655 IBD-beteg [Crohn-beteg (CD): 344, átlagos életkor: 38,2 (SD 12,9) év; colitis ulcerosa (UC): 311, átlagos életkor: 44,9 (SD 15,3) év] töltött ki a szokásos szakorvosi vizit során a demográfiai adatokra, gyógyszer-adherenciára és CAM-ra vonatkozó kérdőívet. A klinikai adatokat a kezelőorvos egészítette ki a betegdokumentáció alapján. Amennyiben a beteg az előírt gyógyszerek több mint 80%-át bevette, adherensnek tekintettük. Eredmények: a betegek által önként jelzett nonadherencia (CD: 20,9%, UC: 20,6%) és CAM (CD: 31,7%, UC: 30,9%) használata CD-ben és UC-ben nem tért el. A nonadherencia leggyakoribb okai: feledékenység (47,8%), túl sok/feleslegesnek gondolt gyógyszer (39,7%), mellékhatásoktól való félelem (27,9%), túl gyakori adagolás. A CAM leggyakoribb formája a gyógytea (47,3%), a homeopátia (14,6%), a speciális diéta (12,2%) és az akupunktúra (5,8%) volt. CD-ben a betegségtartam, az utolsó vizittől eltelt idő, az alacsonyabb iskolázottsági szint és a megelőző műtétek voltak a nonadherenciára hajlamosító tényezők. Az alternatív módszerek használata fiatalabb életkorban, magasabb iskolázottsági szint és immunszuppresszív szer szedése esetén volt jellemző. UC-ben ezenfelül a CAM igénybevétele gyakoribb volt nők és pszichiátriai/pszichológiai kezelés alatt állók körében. Következtetés: a nonadherencia és az alternatív gyógymódok igénybevétele gyakori IBD-ben. Az ellenőrző vizitek során különös figyelmet kell fordítani a hajlamosító tényezők feltárására, a betegek együttműködésének és az orvos–beteg kapcsolatnak a javítására.
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