A múlt század nyolcvanas éveitől kezdődően számos vizsgálat bizonyította, hogy az immunsejtek (lymphocyták, granulocyták, monocyták, makrofágok, hízósejtek) hormonokat állítanak elő, azokat tárolják és szecernálják. Bár e hormonok mennyisége relatíve csekély, az immunsejtek mennyisége oly nagy, hogy endokrin szerepükkel foglalkozni kell. Jelentős különbségek vannak a klasszikus endokrin rendszer és az immun-endokrin rendszer között. Míg a „klasszikus” endokrin szervek sejtjei egyfajta hormont termelnek (monoproducerek), addig az immunrendszer sejtjei poliproducerek. E sejtek a hormonokat a termelőapparátussal együtt a szükségletek helyére tudják szállítani, ezáltal a hormonok hatásukat lokálisan tudják kifejteni. Ez mutatkozik meg például az endorfintermelő immunsejtek esetében a gyulladásos közegben, vagy a korai terhességben a chorionbolyhok körüli lymphocyták esetében. A hormontermelő immunsejtek receptorokkal is rendelkeznek, amelyekkel számos hormon jelét fogják fel. Ezáltal kétirányú kapcsolat jön létre a neuroendokrin rendszer és az immun-endokrin rendszer között, miközben az immun-endokrin rendszeren belül is van egy hormonális hálózat. A sejtes szállítmányozási (packed transport) teória e jelenségek magyarázatát adja meg. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 777–784.
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