A kötőszöveti betegségek tekintetében a pulmonalis manifesztáció megjelenése szisztémás lupus erythematosusban az egyik leggyakoribb. Lupusban bármely szervrendszer érintett lehet, mégis a tüdőérintettség az esetek döntő többségében kialakul, és jelentős hatással van a betegség lefolyására. Szisztémás lupus erythematosusban a pulmonalis manifesztációkat az anatómiai érintettség alapján öt csoportba lehet sorolni: pleura, tüdőparenchyma, bronchusok és bronchiolusok, pulmonalis vasculatura, illetve a légzőizmok érintettsége. A leggyakoribb pulmonalis érintettség a pleuritis, amely pleuralis folyadékkal vagy a nélkül is előfordulhat, gyakori a pulmonalis vascularis és a felső és alsó légúti érintettség, a tüdőparenchyma-eltérések és a diaphragmadiszfunkció (shrinking lung szindróma). A szerzők a közlemény kapcsán a lupusban szenvedő betegek pulmonalis eltéréseire, ezek diagnosztikájára, a kezelésükre és a prognózisra szeretnék felhívni a figyelmet. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(29), 1154–1160.
Pines, A., Kaplinsky, N., Olchovsky, D., et al.: Pleuro-pulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical features of its subgroups. Prognostic and therapeutic implications. Chest, 1985, 88(1), 129–135.
Andonopoulos, A. P., Constantopoulos, S. H., Galanopoulou, V., et al.: Pulmonary function of nonsmoking patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Chest, 1988, 94(2), 312–315.
Traynor, A. E., Corbridge, T. C., Eagan, A. E., et al.: Prevalence and reversibility of pulmonary dysfunction in refractory systemic lupus: improvement correlates with disease remission following haemopoetic stem cell transplantation. Chest, 2005, 127(5), 1680–1689.
Vincze, K., Kovats, Zs., Cseh, A., et al.: Peripheral CD4+ cell prevalence and pleuropulmonary manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Respir. Med., 2014, 108(5), 766–774.
Petri, M., Orbai, A. M., Alarcón, G. S., et al.: Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum., 2012, 64(8), 2677–2686.
Swigris, J. J., Fischer, A., Gillis, J., et al.: Pulmonary and thrombotic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Chest, 2008, 133(1), 271–280.
Mittoo, S., Gelber, A. C., Hitchon, C. A., et al.: Clinical and serologic factors associated with lupus pleuritis. J. Rheumatol., 2010, 37(4), 747–753.
Badui, E., Garcia-Rubi, D., Robles, E., et al.: Cardiovascular manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus. Prospective study of 100 patients. Angiology, 1985, 36(7), 431–441.
Toworakul, C., Kasitanon, N., Sukitawut, W., et al.: Usefulness of pleural effusion antinuclear antibodies in the diagnosis of lupus pleuritis. Lupus, 2011, 20(10), 1042–1046.
Winslow, W. A., Ploss, L. N., Loitman, B.: Pleuritis in systemic lupus erythematosus: its importance as an early manifestation in diagnosis. Ann. Intern. Med., 1958, 49(1), 70–88.
Glazer, M., Berkman, N., Lafair, J. S., et al.: Successful talc slurry pleurodesis in patients with nonmalignant pleural effusion. Chest, 2000, 117(5), 1404–1409.
Dhala, A.: Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus: current status and future direction. Clin. Dev. Immunol., 2012, 2012, 854941.
Badesch, D. B., Abman, S. H., Ahearn, G. S., et al.: Medical therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 2004, 126(1 Suppl.), 35S–62S.
Lian, F., Chen, D., Wang, Y., et al.: Clinical features and independent predictors of pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol. Int., 2012, 32(6), 1727–1731.
Robbins, I. M., Gaine, S. P., Schilz, R., et al.: Epoprostenol for treatment of pulmonary hypertension in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Chest, 2000, 117(1), 14–18.
Cozzi, F., Montisci, R., Marotta, H., et al.: Bosentan therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension in connective tissue diseases. Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 2006, 36(Suppl. 3), 49–53.
Barst, R. J., Langleben, D., Frost, A., et al.: Sitaxsentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2004, 169(4), 441–447.
Wilkins, M. R., Paul, G. A., Strange, J. W., et al.: Sildenafil versus endothelin receptor antagonist for pulmonary hypertension (SERAPH) study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2005, 171(11), 1292–1297.
Highland, K.: Pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus. Pulm. Hypertens. J., 2008, 7(2).
Belmont, H. M., Buyon, J., Giorno, R., et al.: Up-regulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules characterizes disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. The Shwartzman phenomenon revisited. Arthritis Rheum., 1994, 37(3), 376–383.
Abramson, S. B., Dobro, J., Eberle, M. A., et al.: Acute reversible hypoxaemia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann. Intern. Med., 1991, 114(11), 941–947.
Keane, M. P., Lynch, J. P. 3rd.: Pleuropulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Thorax, 2000, 55(2), 159–166.
Barile-Fabris, L., Hernández-Cabrera, M. F., Barragan-Garfias, J. A.: Vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep., 2014, 16(9), 440.
Asherson, R. A., Oakley, C. M.: Pulmonary hypertension and systemic lupus erythematosus. J. Rheumatol., 1986, 13(1), 1–5.
Brown, K. K.: Pulmonary vasculitis. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc., 2006, 3(1), 48–57.
Schwarz, M. I., Brown, K. K.: Small vessel vasculitis of the lung. Thorax, 2000, 55(6), 502–510.
Jayne, D.: Evidence-based treatment of systemic vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford), 2000, 39(6), 585–595.
Aviña-Zubieta, J. A., Vostretsova, K., De Vera, M. A., et al.: The risk of pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a general population-based study. Semin. Arthritis Rheum., 2015, 45(2), 195–201.
Espinosa, G., Cervera, R., Font, J., et al.: The lung in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 2002, 61(3), 195–198.
Karim, A., Ahmed, S., Siddiqui, R., et al.: Severe upper airway obstruction from cricoarytenoiditis as the sole presenting manifestation of a systemic lupus erythematosus flare. Chest, 2002, 121(3), 990–993.
Kinney, W. W., Angelillo, V. A.: Bronchiolitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Chest, 1982, 82(5), 646–649.
Shen, T. C., Lin, C. H., Chen, C. H., et al.: Increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9(3), e91821.
Antoniou, K. M., Margaritopoulos, G., Economidou, F., et al.: Pivotal clinical dilemmas in collagen vascular diseases associated with interstitial lung involvement. Eur. Respir. J., 2009, 33(4), 882–896.
Chattopadhyay, B., Chatterjee, A., Maiti, A., et al.: Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as acute lupus pneumonitis in a young female. J. Postgrad. Med., 2015, 61(2), 129–130.
Cheema, G. S., Quismorio, F. P. Jr.: Interstitial lung disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med., 2000, 6(5), 424–429.
Pego-Reigosa, J. M., Medeiros, D. A., Isenberg, D. A.: Respiratory manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: old and new concepts. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol., 2009, 23(4), 469–480.
Müller, V.: Interstitial lung disease. In: Somfai, A. (ed.): Pulmonology. [Interstitialis tüdőbetegségek. In: Somfai, A. (szerk.): Pulmonologia.] SpringMed Kiadó, Budapest, 2013. [Hungarian]
Nielepkowicz-Goździńska, A., Fendler, W., Robak, E., et al.: The role of CXC chemokines in pulmonary fibrosis of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp., 2015, 63(6), 465–473.
Müller, V.: Pulmonary manifestations in connective tissue diseases. [Kötőszöveti betegségek pulmonalis manifesztációi.] MOTESZ Magazin, 2008, 16(1), 25–31. [Hungarian]
Tansey, D., Wells, A. U., Colby, T. V., et al.: Variations in histological patterns of interstitial pneumonia between connective tissue disorders and their relationship to prognosis. Histopathology, 2004, 44(6), 585–596.
Gatto, M., Kiss, E., Naparstek, Y., et al.: In-/off-label use of biologic therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus. BMC Med., 2014, 12, 30.
Carmier, D., Marchand-Adam, S., Diot, P., et al.: Respiratory involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rev. Malad. Respir., 2010, 27(8), e66–e78.
Warrington, K. J., Moder, K. G., Brutinel, W. M.: The shrinking lungs syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus. Mayo Clinic Proc., 2000, 75(5), 467–472.