Az endokrin diszruptorok a környezetből az állati (emberi) szervezetbe jutó olyan természetes vagy mesterséges molekulák, amelyek hormonreceptorokhoz kapcsolódva serkentik vagy gátolják adott sejtek tevékenységét, hormonok vagy receptorok előállítását, illetve transzportját. Ha kapcsolódásuk valamely kritikus periódusban történik, hibás hormonális imprintinget hoznak létre életre szóló következményekkel, mint hormonbefolyásolt sejtműködések megváltozása, betegségekre való hajlam manifesztálódása vagy betegségek megjelenése, ezért orvosi-egészségügyi jelentőségük van. Az endokrin diszruptorok száma nagy és éppúgy, mint felhasználásra kerülő mennyiségük, növekszik, ezáltal számos, felnőttkorban megjelenő kórkép (például daganat) visszavezethető perinatalis kori endokrin diszruptorártalmakra. Tartós hatásuk alapvető emberi jellegzetességek (például menarche időpontja) megváltozásához vezet. Az A- és D-vitamin is hormon (exohormon) és kívülről bejutva a szervezetbe endokrin diszruptorok lehetnek. Az endokrin diszruptorok által kiváltott imprinting az utódgenerációkra epigenetikusan átadódik, így befolyásolhatja az utódok gyógyszerérzékenységét is. Ha az epigenetikus öröklődés tartóssá válik, annak humánevolúciós jelentősége is lehet. Orv Hetil. 2017, 158(37): 1443–1451.
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