Összefoglaló. A COVID–19 világméretű járvány kapcsán már jól ismertek az általános akut tünetek, mint a láz, a száraz köhögés, a nehézlégzés, a tüdőgyulladás, a hasi panaszok, a hasmenés, az ízérzés- és szaglásvesztés. Talán kevésbé ismertek a betegség neurológiai szövődményei: az encephalitis, a fejfájás és szédülés, az ischaemiás stroke, az akut haemorrhagiás nekrotizáló encephalopathia, de agitáltság és exekutív funkciózavar is kialakulhat. Hosszabb távon az úgynevezett poszt-COVID-szindróma jelenhet meg, perzisztáló testi panaszokkal, krónikusfáradtság-érzéssel, depresszióval, mentális problémákkal. A perifériás idegrendszeri betegségek közül a Guillain–Barré-szindróma fordul elő gyakrabban. Jelen közleményünkben egy diplegia nervi facialis, dysarthria és négy végtagot érintő szubjektív paraesthesiák miatt hospitalizált 41 éves férfi betegünk esetét ismertetjük, akinek felső légúti tünetekkel és lázzal járó SARS-CoV-2-infekciót 10–14 nappal követően jelentek meg neurológiai tünetei. Elektrofiziológiai és liquor laboratóriumi vizsgálat során alátámasztott módon, ritka Guillain–Barré-szindróma-variáns – bifacialis paresis paraesthesiával – igazolódott. Fontos, hogy a vírus idegrendszeri szövődményeit is ismerjük, mert az esetszámok a jövőben várhatóan növekedni fognak. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(45): 1803–1807.
Summary. After the worldwide spread of COVID-19, common symptoms are already well known as fever, coughing, shortness of breath, pneumonia, abdominal pain and diarrhea, either loss of olfaction or sense of taste. Neurological complications are perhaps less known as headache, dizziness, agitation, executive dysfunction or, in particular cases, viral encephalitis and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis may also occur. In COVID-19 patients, ischemic stroke or cerebral vein thrombosis are also more commonly related to the increased risk of thrombosis. In the long term, so called post-COVID syndrome can emerge in the form of fatigue, depression or many other mental disorders. The most common disease of the peripheral nervous system is Guillain–Barré syndrome. This chapter reviews a case of a 41-year-old man presented to the Department of Neurology with facial diplegia, dysarthria and intermittent paresthesia of the upper and lower extremities. 10–14 days before the onset of neurological symptoms, he has gone through COVID-19 infection that involved fever and upper respiratory tract symptoms. Electrophysiology and liquor samples showed typical signs of a rare Guillain–Barré syndrome subtype – bifacial weakness with paresthesias. We are reviewing the neurological complications of the virus due to the expected increase of case numbers. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(45): 1803–1807.
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