A közlemény a gyorsan változó és bővülő nemzetközi és hazai szakirodalom alapján megkísérli áttekinteni a koronavírus-világjárvány (COVID–19) főbb epidemiológiai adatait. A dolgozat kitér az ún. „hosszú COVID–19” kórképre és a legfrissebb farmakológiai, valamint immunterápiás fejleményekre. A cikk foglalkozik az innovatív vakcinológia jövőjével, a mesterséges intelligenciák és a nanotechnológia segítségével fejlesztett, ún. „pán”-vakcinák lehetőségével is. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(24): 935–942.
https://covid19.who.int
https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/covid-19-testing/
He X, Hong W, Pan X, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: characteristics and prevention. MedComm. 2021; 2: 838–845.
Baldacchino F, Caputo B, Chandre F, et al. Control methods against invasive Aedes mosquitoes in Europe: a review. Pest Manag Sci. 2015; 71: 1471–1485.
Chen JM, Chen YQ. China can prepare to end its zero-COVID policy. Nat Med. 2022; Apr 5. . [Epub ahead of print]
Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 – 27 April 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---27-april-2022 [accessed: May 8, 2022].
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1104645/covid19-testing-rate-select-countries-worldwide/
Karlinsky A, Kobak D. Tracking excess mortality across countries during the COVID-19 pandemic with the World Mortality Dataset. elife 2021; 10: e69336.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Excess_mortality_-_statistics
Sharma A, Ahmad Farouk I, Lal SK, et al. COVID-19: A review on the novel coronavirus disease evolution, transmission, detection, control and prevention. Viruses 2021; 13: 202.
Sigal A, Milo R, Jassat W. Estimating disease severity of Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 infections. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022; 22: 267–269.
Kannan SR, Spratt AN, Sharma K, et al. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: unique features and their impact on pre-existing antibodies. J Autoimmun. 2022; 126: 102779.
Naranbhai V, Nathan A, Kaseke C, et al. T-cell reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is preserved in most but not all individuals. Cell 2022; 185: 1041–1051. [Erratum: Cell 2022; 185: 1259.]
Ou J, Lan W, Wu X, et al. Tracking SARS-CoV-2 Omicron diverse spike gene mutations identifies multiple inter-variant recombination events. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022; 7: 138.
Daemi HB, Kulyar MF, He X, et al. Progression and trends in virus from influenza A to COVID-19: an overview of recent studies. Viruses 2021; 13: 1145.
Chotpitayasunondh T, Fischer TK, Heraud JM, et al. Influenza and COVID-19: what does co-existence mean? Influenza Other Respi Viruses 2021; 15: 407–412.
Aleya L, Gu W, Howard S. Environmental factors and the epidemics of COVID-19. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021; 28: 40308–40310.
Silva Andrade B, Siqueira S, de Assis Soares WR, et al. Long-COVID and post-COVID health complications: an up-to-date review on clinical conditions and their possible molecular mechanisms. Viruses 2021; 13: 700.
Szekanecz Z, Vályi-Nagy I. Post-acute COVID–19 syndrome. [Posztakut COVID–19 szindróma.] Orv Hetil. 2021; 162: 1067–1078. [Hungarian]
Tamasi Jr J, Kalabay L. Monitoring the development of post-COVID–19 syndrome. [Poszt-COVID–19-szindrómás esetek kialakulásának követése.] Orv Hetil. 2022; 163: 335–342. [Hungarian]
Murphy WJ, Longo DL A possible role for anti-idiotype antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2022; 386: 394–396.
Afrin LB, Weinstock LB, Molderings GJ. Covid-19 hyperinflammation and post-Covid-19 illness may be rooted in mast cell activation syndrome. Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 100: 327–332.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccinations. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations [accessed: May 8, 2022].
Daniloski Z, Jordan TX, Wessels, HH, et al. Identification of required host factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in human cells. Cell 2021; 184: 92–105.e16.
Zhang Q, Bastard P, Liu Z, et al. Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19. Science 2020; 370: eabd4570.
Ugrin I, Dombrádi V, Joó T, et al. Lifelong vaccination strategy as a tool against pandemics in Hungary. [Élethosszan át tartó oltási stratégia mint eszköz a pandémiák elleni védekezésben Magyarországon.] Orv Hetil. 2022; 163: 535–543. [Hungarian]
Maródi L. COVID–19 in patients with primary immunodeficiency. [COVID–19 primer immunhiányos betegekben.] Orv Hetil. 2022; 163:166–170. [Hungarian]
Hodgson SH, Mansatta K, Mallett G, et al. What defines an efficacious COVID-19 vaccine? A review of the challenges assessing the clinical efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021; 21: e26–e35.
Constantin T, Kulcsár A, Krivácsy P, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection and its prevention in pediatric autoimmune diseases. [SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés és annak megelőzése gyermekkori krónikus szisztémás autoimmun betegségekben.] Orv Hetil. 2022; 163: 414–423. [Hungarian]
Bar-On YM, Goldberg Y, Mandel M, et al. Protection by a fourth dose of BNT162b2 against Omicron in Israel. N Engl J Med. 2022; 386: 1712–1720.
Covid-19 vaccine tracker. Available from: https://covid19.trackvaccines.org/country/brazil/ [accessed: May 8, 2022].
Nordström P, Ballin M, Nordström A. Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and COVID-19 hospitalisation in individuals with natural and hybrid immunity: a retrospective, total population cohort study in Sweden. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022; Mar 31: S1473-3099(22)00143-8. . [Epub ahead of print] Erratum: Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Apr 8; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35366962.
COVID patient successfully given vaccine as treatment. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine/news/20220322/covid-patient-sucessfully-given-vaccine-treatment [accessed: May 8, 2022].
https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator/covax
Ecker F, Kutalek R. ‘I’m not an anti-vaxer!’ – Vaccine hesitancy among physicians: a qualitative study. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:1157–1163.
Bilotta C, Perrone G, Adelfio V, et al. COVID-19 vaccine-related thrombosis: a systematic review and exploratory analysis. Front Immunol. 2021; 12: 729251.
Myocarditis and pericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/myocarditis.html [accessed: May 8, 2022].
Lazzerini PE, Laghi-Pasini F, Boutjdir M, et al. Inflammatory cytokines and cardiac arrhythmias: the lesson from COVID-19. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022; 22: 270–272.
https://www.hi.no/en/hi/news/2021/february/derfor-er-fisker-immune-mot-koronaviruset
Valkó A, Medgyaszai M. Medically relevant aspects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in animals. [A súlyos akut légzőszervi szindrómát okozó koronavírus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) orvosilag releváns aspektusai állatokban.] Orv Hetil. 2021; 162: 163–170. [Hungarian]
Dolgin E. Pan-coronavirus vaccine pipeline takes form. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2022; 21: 324–326.
Hajieghrari B, Rahmanian-Koshkaki S. Plant microRNA potential in targeting Covid-19 genome offering efficient antiviral microRNA-based therapies. MicroRNA 2021 Sept 25. .
Kulkarni JA, Thomson SB, Zaifman, J, et al. Spontaneous, solvent-free entrapment of siRNA within lipid nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2020; 12: 23959–23966.
Mahase E. Covid-19: Pfizer’s paxlovid is 89% effective in patients at risk of serious illness, company reports. BMJ 2021; 375: n2713.
Fischer W, Eron JJ, Holman W, et al. Molnupiravir, an oral antiviral treatment for COVID-19. medRxiv [Preprint] Jun 17, 2021. . Update: Sci Transl Med. 2022; 14(628): eabl7430.
Cadegiani FA, McCoy J, Gustavo Wambier C, et al. Proxalutamide significantly accelerates viral clearance and reduces time to clinical remission in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19: results from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Cureus 2021; 13: e13492.
Dougan M, Nirula A, Azizad M, et al. Bamlanivimab plus etesevimab in mild or moderate Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021; 385: 1382–1392.
Bruel T, Hadjadj J, Maes P, et al. Serum neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies. Nat Med. Mar 23, 2022. . [Epub ahead of print]
Pfaff ER, Girvin AT, Bennett TD, et al. Identifying who has long COVID in the USA: a machine learning approach using N3C data. Lancet 2022; https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00048-6.