Bevezetés és célkitűzés: A fülzúgás kezelési lehetőségei közül a pszichoterápia a szakirodalom alapján is preferált eljárás. Ezek közül is a kognitív viselkedésterápia rendelkezik a legnagyobb bizonyító erővel az érintettek pszichés tüneteinek csökkentése szempontjából. Klinikánkon 2022 februárjában kezdtük a kognitív viselkedésterápia jellegű csoport-pszichoterápia alkalmazását tinnitusban érintett egyéneknél. Módszerek: A terápiás folyamat hét héten keresztül, heti egy alkalommal, másfél órában zajlik. A beavatkozás hatásvizsgálata pre-poszt elrendezésben, önkitöltős mérőskálákkal történik a következő pszichológiai konstruktumok mentén: fülzúgással kapcsolatos életminőség, szorongás, depresszív tünetek képződése, észlelt stressz. A tinnitus jellemzőinek rögzítése vizuális analóg skálákon is megtörténik. Eredmények: A 29 főt számláló első pilotvizsgálat eredményei szerint, miközben a tinnitus hangerejében és hangmagasságában a résztvevők nem észleltek csökkenést, a tünet zavaró volta a csoportterápia végére mindkét fülön szignifikánsan csökkent, és a fülzúgással összefüggő életminőség szintén szignifikánsan javult. A résztvevők észlelt stressz-szintje, szorongásos és depresszív panaszai szignifikánsan csökkentek. Megbeszélés és következtetés: A Magyarországon újszerűnek számító csoportos kognitív viselkedésterápia alkalmas lehet a tinnitusszal együtt járó pszichés tünetek és észlelt panaszok lényeges mértékű csökkentésére. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(3): 89–97.
Introduction and objective: The professional literature lists psychotherapy as the preferred treatment option for tinnitus. More precisely, cognitive behavioral therapy carries the greatest evidence in reducing the psychological symptoms of those affected. We launched a cognitive behavioral therapy-type group program for individuals affected by tinnitus at our clinic in February, 2022. Methods: The program takes place over seven weeks, for an hour and a half each weekly session. The assessment of the intervention is done in a pre-post arrangement, with self-administered measurements along the following psychological constructs: tinnitus-related quality of life, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress. Tinnitus characteristics are also recorded on visual analogue scales. Results: While the 29 pilot study participants did not notice a change in the volume or the pitch of tinnitus, the bothersomeness of the symptom significantly decreased in both ears. By the end of the group therapy, tinnitus-related quality of life, perceived stress, anxiety and depressive symptom levels significantly improved. Discussion and conclusion: Group cognitive behavioral therapy, a new approach in Hungary, seems to be suitable for the significant reduction of tinnitus-related psychological symptoms and perceived complaints. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(3): 89–97.
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