A felső gastrointestinalis traktus daganatai nagy mortalitású betegségek. Az elmúlt évtizedekben bekövetkezett technikai fejlődésnek köszönhetően a betegek túlélése jelentősen javult, de az átlagos 5 éves túlélés sem gyomor-, sem nyelőcsőtumorok esetén nem haladja meg a 35%-ot. A szűrőprogramot bevezető országokban a betegek gyakran korai stádiumban kerülnek felfedezésre, és ellátásuk endoszkópos úton is lehetséges. Az onkológia fejlődésével a tumorok terápiájának a multimodális megközelítés lett az alapja, ezzel mód nyílt az előrehaladott állapotú betegek mind nagyobb arányú kuratív célú kezelésére. A minimálisan invazív technikák térhódítása megfelelő onkológiai radikalitás mellett csökkentette a műtéti megterhelést és javította a posztoperatív felépülést. Az utóbbi években egyre nagyobb hangsúlyt kapott a betegek komplex előkészítése, így tovább javultak a műtéttel kapcsolatos morbiditási mutatók. Írásunkban összefoglaljuk a felső tápcsatorna daganatainak ellátásában az utóbbi évtizedekben bekövetkezett változásokat. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(6): 203–210.
Tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract have a high mortality. Due to technical advances in recent decades, the survival of patients has improved significantly, but the average 5-year survival rate for neither stomach nor esophageal tumors does not exceed 35%. In countries that have introduced the screening program, patients are often detected at an early stage, when endoscopic care is also possible. With the development of oncology, the multimodal approach in tumor therapy became the standard, thereby opening a way to treat more and more advanced patients for curative purposes. The introduction of minimally invasive techniques, along with adequate oncological radicality, reduced the surgical load and improved postoperative recovery. In recent years, an increasing emphasis has been placed on the complex preparation of patients, so the morbidity indicators associated with surgery have improved further. Here we summarize the changes in the care of tumors of the upper digestive tract. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(6): 203–210.
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