Studies in scientific collaboration: Part I. The professional origins of scientific co-authorship

D. Beaver; R. Rosen

doi:10.1007/bf02016840

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Scientometrics

Volume/Issue:: Volume 1: Issue 1

Studies in scientific collaboration

Part I. The professional origins of scientific co-authorship

Authors:

D. Beaver

D. Beaver Williams College Department of History of Science 01267 Williamstown Mass (USA) 01267 Williamstown Mass (USA)

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R. Rosen

R. Rosen 61 East 11th St. 10003 New York City New York (USA) 61 East 11th St. 10003 New York City New York (USA)

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Pages:: 65–84

Online Publication Date:: 06 Aug 2005

Publication Date:: 26 Sep 1978

Article Category:: Research Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02016840

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Abstract

From a historical and sociological perspective, this essay presents and develops the first comprehensive theory of scientific collaboration: collaborative scientific research, formally acknowledged by co-authorships of scientific papers, originated, developed, and continues to be practiced as a response to the professionalization of science. Following an overview of the origins and early history of collaboration in the 17th and 18th centuries, a study of the first professionalized scientific community, that of Napoleonic France, confirms that, as the theory predicts, collaboration is a typical research style associated with professionalization. In the early 19th century, virtually all joint research was performed by French scientists; collaborative research only appeared much later in England and Germany when they, too, underwent professionalization. That historical finding, which constitutes a puzzling anomaly for any other view of scientific teamwork, here conforms to theoretical expectation. Several other predictions of the theory are presented, to be taken-up in subsequent studies.

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Scientometrics

Print ISSN:: 0138-9130

Online ISSN:: 1588-2861

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Scientometrics
Language	English
Size	B5
Year of Foundation	1978
Volumes per Year	1
Issues per Year	12
Founder	Akadémiai Kiadó
Founder's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN	0138-9130 (Print)
ISSN	1588-2861 (Online)