Az akut myeloid leukaemia heterogén betegség. A mutációs vizsgálatoknak köszönhetően genetikailag és molekulárisan is jellemezhető típusok váltak ismertté. Kezelése – az akut promyelocytás leukaemia kivételével – egyforma. Kezelésében több mint 40 éve a „3 + 7” protokoll a meghatározó. Míg a cytarabin dózisa az eltelt idő során nem változott, a daunorubicin adagjának növelése (90 mg/m2) a 60–65 év alatti, jó állapotú betegekben javította a túlélést. A 60 évnél idősebbek azonban az intenzív kemoterápiát általában rosszul tolerálják. Időskorban a kezelés nem kuratív, a cél a hosszabb túlélés és a megfelelő életminőség biztosítása. A szupportív kezelés mellett újabban a kis intenzitású terápia (azacitidin, decitabin) kerül előtérbe. Az innovatív terápiától a jövőben további javulás remélhető. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(22), 843–848.
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