Authors:
and
Rhiannon Jones
Rhiannon Jones
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, Lewisham Way, New Cross, SE14 6NW, London, UK
Search for other papers by Rhiannon Jones in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, Lewisham Way, New Cross, SE14 6NW, London, UK
Search for other papers by Rhiannon Jones in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Joydeep Bhattacharya
Joydeep Bhattacharya
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
Search for other papers by Joydeep Bhattacharya in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Joydeep Bhattacharya in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Background and aims
The behavioural addiction model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) proposes that as compulsions successfully reduce obsession-provoked anxiety in the early stages of the disorder, their performance is rewarding and therefore potentially addictive. According to this theory, the urge to perform a compulsion or neutralization resembles craving in addiction, and ventral fronto-striatal reward circuitry is activated during compulsive or neutralizing behaviour, resembling substance addiction disorders. The current study used EEG source localisation to test this hypothesis by examining brain activity accompanying the urge to neutralize and covert neutralization.
Methods
Two groups of non-clinical participants (15 Low-OC, 15 High-OC) performed a task in which the urge to neutralize was induced by supplying participants with an obsessive-compulsive-like thought. Source localised EEG activity was compared between a negative condition with high urge to neutralize, and a positive condition with low urge to neutralize, and correlations between brain activity and self-reported urge to neutralize were examined.
Results
High-OC participants reported a significantly greater urge to neutralize than Low-OC participants, and the majority of participants reported performing covert neutralization during the experiment. Between-condition comparisons in the High-OC group revealed significantly greater alpha activity in the insula and vlPFC in the negative than the positive condition, which was significantly correlated with both urge to neutralize and later decrease in negative affect.
Conclusions
The current results support the proposal that the urge to neutralize in OCD is neurally similar to craving in substance addiction, in agreement with the behavioural addiction model of OCD.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
D. R. Addis A. T. Wong D. L. Schacter 2007 Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration Neuropsychologia 45 1363 1377.
-
L. Aftanas S. V. Pavlov 2005 Trait anxiety impact on posterior activation asymmetries at rest and during evoked negative emotions: EEG investigation International Journal of Psychophysiology 55 85 94.
-
K. R. Alper R. J. Chabot A. H. Kim L. S. Prichep E. R. John 1990 Quantitative EEG correlates of crack cocaine dependence Psychiatry Research 35 95 105.
-
American Psychiatric Association 2000 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th edition American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC.
-
L. Bocci P. K. Gordon 2007 Does magical thinking produce neutralising behaviour? An experimental investigation Behaviour Research and Therapy 45 1823 1833.
-
M. M. Botvinick J. D. Cohen C. S. Carter 2004 Conflict monitoring and anterior cingulate cortex: An update Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8 539 546.
-
S. R. Chamberlain L. Menzies A. Hampshire J. Suckling N. A. Fineberg N. del Campo et al.2008 Orbitofrontal dysfunction in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their unaffected relatives Science 321 421 422.
-
D. Denys 2011 Obsessionality & compulsivity: A phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 6 3.
-
D. Denys J. Zohar H. G. Westenberg 2004 The role of dopamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Preclinical and clinical evidence Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 65 Suppl14 11 17.
-
A. Etkin T. Egner D. M. Peraza E. R. Kandel J. Hirsch 2006 Resolving emotional conflict: A role for the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in modulating activity in the amygdala Neuron 51 1 12.
-
M. Figee M. Vink F. de Geus N. Vulink D.J. Veltman H. Westenberg D. Denys 2011 Dysfunctional reward circuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder Biological Psychiatry 69 867 874.
-
N. A. Fineberg M. N. Potenza S. R. Chamberlain H. A. Berlin L. Menzies A. Bechara B. J. Sahakian T. W. Robbins E. T. Bullmore E. Hollander 2010 Probing compulsive and impulsive behaviours, from animal models to Endophenotypes: A narrative review Neuropsychopharmacology 35 591 604.
-
E. B. Foa J. D. Huppert S. Leiberg R. Langner R. Kichic 2002 The obsessive-compulsive inventory: Development and validation of a short version Psychological Assessment 14 4 485 496.
-
M. Fuchs J. Kastner M. Wagner S. Hawes J. S. Ebersole 2002 A standardized boundary element method volume conductor model Clinical Neurophysiology 113 702 712.
-
S. Hesse U. Müller T. Lincke H. Barthel T. Villman M. C. Angermeyer O. Sabri K. Stengler-Wenzke 2005 Serotonin and dopamine transporter imaging in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 140 63 72.
-
C. Holden 2001 “Behavioral” addictions: Do they exist? Science 294 980 982.
-
H. H. Jasper 1958 The ten-twenty electrode system of the international federation Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 10 371 375.
-
C. L. Jones L. Minati N. A. Harrison J. Ward H. D. Critchley 2011 Under pressure: Response urgency modulates striatal and insula activity during decision-making under risk Plos One 6 1 11.
-
S. R. Jones C. Fernyhough 2007 Neural correlates of inner speech and auditory verbal hallucinations: A critical review and theoretical integration Clinical Psychology Review 27 140 154.
-
F. Karadag N. K. Oguzhanoglu T. Kurt A. Oguzhanoglu F. Atesci O. Ozdel 2003 Quantitative EEG analysis in obsessive-compulsive disorder International Journal of Neuroscience 113 833 847.
-
S. Knecht M. Deppe B. Dräger L. Bobe H. Lohmann E.-B. Ringelstein H. Henningsen 2000 Language lateralization in healthy right-handers Brain 123 74 81.
-
J. L. Lancaster M. G. Woldorff L. M. Parsons M. Liotti C. S. Freitas L. Rainey P. V. Kochunov D. Nickerson S. A. Mikiten P. T. Fox 2000 Automated Talairach Atlas labels for functional brain mapping Human Brain Mapping 10 120 131.
-
X. Liu J. Hairston M. Schrier J. Fan 2011 Common and distinct networks underlying reward valence and processing stages: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Reviews 35 1219 1236.
-
B. A. Marcks D. W. Woods 2007 Role of thought-related beliefs and coping strategies in the escalation of intrusive thoughts: An analogue to obsessive-compulsive disorder Behaviour Research and Therapy 45 2640 2651.
-
I. Marks 1990 Behavioural (non-chemical) addictions British Journal of Addiction 85 1389 1394.
-
C. Martin-Soelch J. Missimer K. L. Leenders W. Schultz 2003 Neural activity related to the processing of increasing monetary reward in smokers and nonsmokers European Journal of Neuroscience 18 680 688.
-
D. Mataix-Cols O. A. van den Heuvel 2006 Common and distinct neural correlates of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders Psychiatric Clinics of North America 29 391 410.
-
J. Mazziotta A. Toga A. Evans P. Fox J. Lancaster K. Zilles R. Woods T. Paus G. Simpson B. Pike C. Holmes L. Collins P. Thompson D. MacDonald M. Iacoboni T. Schormann K. Amunts N. Palomero-Gallagher S. Geyer L. Parsons K. Narr N. Kabani G. Le Goualher D. Boomsma T. Cannon R. Kawashima B. Mazoyer 2001 A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain: International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B Biological Sciences 356 1412 1293 1322.
-
A. Morin 2009 Self-awareness deficits following loss of inner speech: Dr. Jill Bolte Taylor's case study Consciousness and Cognition 18 524 529.
-
A. Morin J. Michaud 2007 Self-awareness and the left inferior frontal gyrus: Inner speech use during self-related processing Brain Research Bulletin 74 387 396.
-
N. H. Naqvi A. Bechara 2008 The hidden island of addiction: The insula Trends in Neurosciences 32 56 67.
-
N. H. Naqvi D. Rudrauf H. Damasio A. Bechara 2007 Damage to the insula disrupts addiction to cigarette smoking Science 315 531 534.
-
T. E. Nichols A. P. Holmes 2002 Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: a primer with examples Human Brain Mapping 15 1 25.
-
M. M. Nielen J. A. den Boer H. G. Smid 2009 Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder are impaired in associative learning based on external feedback Psychological Medicine 39 1519 1526.
-
P. C. Opitz L. C. Rauch D. P. Terry H. L. Urry 2012 Prefrontal mediation of age differences in cognitive reappraisal Neurobiology of Aging 33 645 655.
-
M. A. Parvas N. Alia-Klein P. A. Woicik N. D. Volkow R. Z. Goldstein 2011 Neuroimaging for drug addiction and related behaviours Review of Neuroscience 22 609 624.
-
R. D. Pascual-Marqui 1999 Review of methods for solving the EEG inverse problem International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism 1 75 86.
-
R. D. Pascual-Marqui 2002 Standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA): Technical details Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 24 Suppl.D 5 12.
-
M. P. Paulus 2007 Neural basis of reward and craving — A homeostatic point of view Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 9 379 387.
-
M. P. Paulus C. Rogalsky A. Simmons J. S. Feinstein M. B. Stein 2003 Increased activation in the right insula during risk-related decision making is related to harm avoidance and neuroticism NeuroImage 19 1439 1448.
-
M. P. Paulus M. B. Stein 2006 An insular view of anxiety Biological Psychiatry 60 383 387.
-
P. Perros E. Young J. Ritson G. Price P. Mann 1992 Power spectral EEG analysis and EEG variability in obsessive-compulsive disorder Brain Topography 4 187 192.
-
S. Rachman R. Shafran D. Mitchell J. Trant B. Teachman 1996 How to remain neutral: An experimental analysis of neutralization Behaviour Research and Therapy 33 779 784.
-
S. A. Rasmussen J. L. Eisen 1994 The epidemiology and differential diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 55 Suppl 5 10.
-
E. Rassin 2001 The contribution of thought-action fusion and thought suppression in the development of obsession-like intrusions in normal participants Behaviour Research and Therapy 39 1023 1032.
-
M. S. Reid F. Flammino B. Howard D. Nilsen L. S. Prichep 2008 Cocaine cue versus cocaine dosing in humans: Evidence for distinct neurophysiological response profiles Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 91 155 164.
-
A. Riecker H. Ackermann D. Wildgruber G. Dogil W. Grodd 2000 Opposite hemispheric lateralization effects during speaking and singing at motor cortex, insula and cerebellum NeuroReport 11 1997 2000.
-
I. M. Rosso N. Makris J. C. Britton L. M. Price A. L. Gold D. Zai J. Bruuyere T. Deckersbach W. D. S. Killgore S. L. Rauch 2010 Anxiety sensitivity correlates with two indices of right anterior insula structure in specific animal phobia Depression and Anxiety 27 1104 1110.
-
J.-Y. Rotge G. Dominique B. Dilharreguy E. Cuny J. Tognol B. Bioulac M. Allard P. Burbaud B. Aouzerate 2008 Provocation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: a quantitative voxel-based meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies Journal of Psychiatry Neurosciences 33 405 412.
-
R. M. Roth A. J. Saykin L. A. Flashman H. S. Pixley J. D. West A. C. Mamourian 2007 Event-related fMRI of response inhibition in obsessive-compulsive disorder Biological Psychiatry 62 901 909.
-
P. M. Salkovskis 1985 Obsessional-compulsive problems: A cognitive-behavioural analysis Behaviour Research and Therapy 23 571 583.
-
P. M. Salkovskis 1996 Cognitive-behavioural approaches to the understanding of obsessional problems R. Rapee Current controversies in the anxiety disorders Guilford Press New York.
-
S. Saxena S. L. Rauch 2000 Functional neuroimaging and the neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive behavior Psychiatric Clinics of North America 23 563 586.
-
M. Schreckenberger C. Lange-Asschenfeldt M. Lochmann K. Mann T. Siessmeier H.-G. Buchholz P. Bartenstein G. Gründer 2004 The thalamus as the generator and modulator of EEG alpha rhythm: A combined PET/EEG study with lorazepam challenge in humans NeuroImage 22 637 644.
-
R. Shafran D. Thordardson S. Rachman 1996 Thought-action fusion in obsessive-compulsive disorder Journal of Anxiety Disorders 10 379 391.
-
E. Shufman E. Perl M. Cohen M. Dickman D. Gandaku D. Adler A. Veler R. Bar-Hamburger Y. Ginath 1996 Electro-encephalography spectral analysis of heroin addicts compared with abstainers and normal controls Israeli Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences 33 196 206.
-
A. R. Torres M. J. Prince P. E. Bebbington D. Bhugra T. S. Brugha M. Farrell et al.2006 Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Prevalence, comorbidity, impact, and help seeking in the British National Psychiatric Survey of 2000 American Journal of Psychiatry 163 1978 1985.
-
O. A. Van den Heuvel Y. D. van der Werf K. M. W. Verhoef S. de Wit H. W. Berendse E. Ch. Wolters D. J. Veltman H. J. Groenewegen 2010 Fronto-striatal abnormalities underlying behaviours in the obsessive-compulsive spectrum Journal of the Neurological Sciences 289 55 59.
-
M. Van den Hout M. Kindt T. Weiland M. Peters 2002 Instructed neutralization, spontaneous neutralization and prevented neutralization after an obsession-like thought Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 33 177 189.
-
M. Van den Hout M. van Pol M. Peters 2001 On becoming neutral: Effects of experimental neutralizing reconsidered Behaviour Research and Therapy 39 1439 1448.
-
N. J. Van der Wee H. Stevens J. A. Hardeman R. C. Mandl D. A. Denys H. J. van Megen et al.2004 Enhanced dopamine transporter density in psychotropic-naive patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder shown by [123I](Sareen et al., 2007b)-CIT SPECT American Journal of Psychiatry 161 2201 2206.
-
H. H. Van Hell M. Vink L. Ossewaarde G. Jager R. S. Kahn N. F. Ramsey 2010 Chronic effects of cannabis use on the human reward system: An fMRI study European Neuropsychopharmacology 20 153 163.
-
S. Velikova M. Locatelli C. Insacco E. Smeraldi G. Comi L. Leocani 2010 Dysfunctional brain circuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Source and coherence analysis of EEG rhythms Neuroimage 49 977 983.
-
A. Verdejo-García A. Bechara 2009 A somatic marker theory of addiction Neuropharmacology 56 48 62.
-
N. D. Volkow L. Chang G. J. Wang J. S. Fowler Y. S. Ding M. Sedler J. Logan D. Franceschi J. Gatley R. Hitzemann A. Gifford C. Wong N. Pappas 2001 Low level of brain dopamine D2 receptors in methamphetamine abusers: Association with metabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex American Journal of Psychiatry 158 2015 2021.
-
N. D. Volkow J. S. Fowler 2000 Addiction a disease of compulsion andd rive: involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex Cerebral Cortex 10 318 325.
-
N. D. Volkow J. S. Fowler G. J. Wang R. Hitzemann J. Logan D. J. Schlyer S. L. Dewey A. P. Wolf 1993 Decreased dopamine D2 receptor availability is associated with reduced frontal metabolism in cocaine abusers Synapse 14 169 177.
-
T. D. Wager M. L. Davidson B. L. Hughes M. A. Lindquist K. N. Ochsner 2008 Prefrontal-subcortical pathways mediating successful emotion regulation Neuron 59 1037 1050.
-
J. A. Weiler B. Suchan I. Daum 2010 When the future becomes the past: Differences in brain activation patterns for episodic memory and episodic future thinking Behavioural Brain Research 212 196 203.
-
E. Ch. Wolters D. J. Veltman H. J. Groenewegen 2010 Frontal-striatal abnormalities underlying behaviours in the compulsive-impulsive spectrum Journal of the Neurological Sciences 289 55 59.
-
B. G. Zucker M. G. Craske V. Barrios M. Holguin 2002 Thought-action fusion: Can it be corrected? Behaviour Research and Therapy 40 653 664.
Please, download the file from HERE
Dr. Zsolt Demetrovics
Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
Address: Izabella u. 46. H-1064 Budapest, Hungary
Phone: +36-1-461-2681
E-mail: jba@ppk.elte.hu
Indexing and Abstracting Services:
- Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded (also known as SciSearch®)
- Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition
- Social Sciences Citation Index®
- Journal Citation Reports/ Social Sciences Edition
- Current Contents®/Social and Behavioral Sciences
- EBSCO
- GoogleScholar
- PsycINFO
- PubMed Central
- SCOPUS
- Medline
- CABI
- CABELLS Journalytics
| 2022 | |
|---|---|
| Web of Science | |
| Total Cites WoS |
5713 |
| Journal Impact Factor | 7.8 |
| Rank by Impact Factor |
Psychiatry (SCIE) 18/155 |
| Impact Factor without Journal Self Cites |
7.2 |
| 5 Year Impact Factor |
8.9 |
| Journal Citation Indicator | 1.42 |
| Rank by Journal Citation Indicator |
Psychiatry 35/264 |
| Scimago | |
| Scimago H-index |
69 |
| Scimago Journal Rank |
1.918 |
| Scimago Quartile Score | Clinical Psychology Q1 Medicine (miscellaneous) Q1 Psychiatry and Mental Health Q1 |
| Scopus | |
| Scopus Cite Score |
11.1 |
| Scopus Cite Score Rank |
Clinical Psychology 10/292 (96th PCTL) Psychiatry and Mental Health 30/531 (94th PCTL) Medicine (miscellaneous) 25/309 (92th PCTL) |
| Scopus SNIP |
1.966 |
| 2021 | |
|---|---|
| Web of Science | |
| Total Cites WoS |
5223 |
| Journal Impact Factor | 7,772 |
| Rank by Impact Factor | Psychiatry SCIE 26/155 Psychiatry SSCI 19/142 |
| Impact Factor without Journal Self Cites |
7,130 |
| 5 Year Impact Factor |
9,026 |
| Journal Citation Indicator | 1,39 |
| Rank by Journal Citation Indicator |
Psychiatry 34/257 |
| Scimago | |
| Scimago H-index |
56 |
| Scimago Journal Rank |
1,951 |
| Scimago Quartile Score | Clinical Psychology (Q1) Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q1) Psychiatry and Mental Health (Q1) |
| Scopus | |
| Scopus Cite Score |
11,5 |
| Scopus CIte Score Rank |
Clinical Psychology 5/292 (D1) Psychiatry and Mental Health 20/529 (D1) Medicine (miscellaneous) 17/276 (D1) |
| Scopus SNIP |
2,184 |
| 2020 | |
| Total Cites | 4024 |
| WoS | |
| Journal Impact Factor |
6,756 |
| Rank by | Psychiatry (SSCI) 12/143 (Q1) |
| Impact Factor | Psychiatry 19/156 (Q1) |
| Impact Factor | 6,052 |
| without | |
| Journal Self Cites | |
| 5 Year | 8,735 |
| Impact Factor | |
| Journal | 1,48 |
| Citation Indicator | |
| Rank by Journal | Psychiatry 24/250 (Q1) |
| Citation Indicator | |
| Citable | 86 |
| Items | |
| Total | 74 |
| Articles | |
| Total | 12 |
| Reviews | |
| Scimago | 47 |
| H-index | |
| Scimago | 2,265 |
| Journal Rank | |
| Scimago | Clinical Psychology Q1 |
| Quartile Score | Psychiatry and Mental Health Q1 |
| Medicine (miscellaneous) Q1 | |
| Scopus | 3593/367=9,8 |
| Scite Score | |
| Scopus | Clinical Psychology 7/283 (Q1) |
| Scite Score Rank | Psychiatry and Mental Health 22/502 (Q1) |
| Scopus | 2,026 |
| SNIP | |
| Days from | 38 |
| submission | |
| to 1st decision | |
| Days from | 37 |
| acceptance | |
| to publication | |
| Acceptance | 31% |
| Rate |
| 2019 | |
|---|---|
| Total Cites WoS |
2 184 |
| Impact Factor | 5,143 |
| Impact Factor without Journal Self Cites |
4,346 |
| 5 Year Impact Factor |
5,758 |
| Immediacy Index |
0,587 |
| Citable Items |
75 |
| Total Articles |
67 |
| Total Reviews |
8 |
| Cited Half-Life |
3,3 |
| Citing Half-Life |
6,8 |
| Eigenfactor Score |
0,00597 |
| Article Influence Score |
1,447 |
| % Articles in Citable Items |
89,33 |
| Normalized Eigenfactor |
0,7294 |
| Average IF Percentile |
87,923 |
| Scimago H-index |
37 |
| Scimago Journal Rank |
1,767 |
| Scopus Scite Score |
2540/376=6,8 |
| Scopus Scite Score Rank |
Cllinical Psychology 16/275 (Q1) Medicine (miscellenous) 31/219 (Q1) Psychiatry and Mental Health 47/506 (Q1) |
| Scopus SNIP |
1,441 |
| Acceptance Rate |
32% |
| Journal of Behavioral Addictions | |
|---|---|
| Publication Model | Gold Open Access |
| Submission Fee | none |
| Article Processing Charge | 990 EUR/article for articles submitted after 30 April 2023 (850 EUR for articles submitted prior to this date) |
| Regional discounts on country of the funding agency | World Bank Lower-middle-income economies: 50% World Bank Low-income economies: 100% |
| Further Discounts | Corresponding authors, affiliated to an EISZ member institution subscribing to the journal package of Akadémiai Kiadó: 100%. |
| Subscription Information | Gold Open Access |
| Journal of Behavioral Addictions | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
2011 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
4 |
| Founder | Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem |
| Founder's Address |
H-1053 Budapest, Hungary Egyetem tér 1-3. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 2062-5871 (Print) |
| ISSN | 2063-5303 (Online) |
Senior editors
Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zsolt DEMETROVICS
Assistant Editor(s): Csilla ÁGOSTON
Associate Editors
- Stephanie ANTONS (Universitat Duisburg-Essen, Germany)
- Joel BILLIEUX (University of Lausanne, Switzerland)
- Beáta BŐTHE (University of Montreal, Canada)
- Matthias BRAND (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany)
- Ruth J. van HOLST (Amsterdam UMC, The Netherlands)
- Daniel KING (Flinders University, Australia)
- Gyöngyi KÖKÖNYEI (ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Ludwig KRAUS (IFT Institute for Therapy Research, Germany)
- Marc N. POTENZA (Yale University, USA)
- Hans-Jurgen RUMPF (University of Lübeck, Germany)
Editorial Board
- Max W. ABBOTT (Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand)
- Elias N. ABOUJAOUDE (Stanford University School of Medicine, USA)
- Hojjat ADELI (Ohio State University, USA)
- Alex BALDACCHINO (University of Dundee, United Kingdom)
- Alex BLASZCZYNSKI (University of Sidney, Australia)
- Judit BALÁZS (ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Kenneth BLUM (University of Florida, USA)
- Henrietta BOWDEN-JONES (Imperial College, United Kingdom)
- Wim VAN DEN BRINK (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
- Gerhard BÜHRINGER (Technische Universität Dresden, Germany)
- Sam-Wook CHOI (Eulji University, Republic of Korea)
- Damiaan DENYS (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
- Jeffrey L. DEREVENSKY (McGill University, Canada)
- Naomi FINEBERG (University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom)
- Marie GRALL-BRONNEC (University Hospital of Nantes, France)
- Jon E. GRANT (University of Minnesota, USA)
- Mark GRIFFITHS (Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom)
- Anneke GOUDRIAAN (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
- Heather HAUSENBLAS (Jacksonville University, USA)
- Tobias HAYER (University of Bremen, Germany)
- Susumu HIGUCHI (National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Japan)
- David HODGINS (University of Calgary, Canada)
- Eric HOLLANDER (Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA)
- Jaeseung JEONG (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea)
- Yasser KHAZAAL (Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland)
- Orsolya KIRÁLY (Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Emmanuel KUNTSCHE (La Trobe University, Australia)
- Hae Kook LEE (The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea)
- Michel LEJOXEUX (Paris University, France)
- Anikó MARÁZ (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany)
- Giovanni MARTINOTTI (‘Gabriele d’Annunzio’ University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy)
- Astrid MÜLLER (Hannover Medical School, Germany)
- Frederick GERARD MOELLER (University of Texas, USA)
- Daniel Thor OLASON (University of Iceland, Iceland)
- Nancy PETRY (University of Connecticut, USA)
- Bettina PIKÓ (University of Szeged, Hungary)
- Afarin RAHIMI-MOVAGHAR (Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Iran)
- József RÁCZ (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary)
- Rory C. REID (University of California Los Angeles, USA)
- Marcantanio M. SPADA (London South Bank University, United Kingdom)
- Daniel SPRITZER (Study Group on Technological Addictions, Brazil)
- Dan J. STEIN (University of Cape Town, South Africa)
- Sherry H. STEWART (Dalhousie University, Canada)
- Attila SZABÓ (Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Ferenc TÚRY (Semmelweis University, Hungary)
- Alfred UHL (Austrian Federal Health Institute, Austria)
- Róbert URBÁN (ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Johan VANDERLINDEN (University Psychiatric Center K.U.Leuven, Belgium)
- Alexander E. VOISKOUNSKY (Moscow State University, Russia)
- Aviv M. WEINSTEIN (Ariel University, Israel)
- Kimberly YOUNG (Center for Internet Addiction, USA)
Monthly Content Usage
| Abstract Views | Full Text Views | PDF Downloads | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 2023 | 0 | 6 | 4 |
| Jul 2023 | 0 | 7 | 2 |
| Aug 2023 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Sep 2023 | 0 | 9 | 2 |
| Oct 2023 | 0 | 16 | 6 |
| Nov 2023 | 0 | 16 | 11 |
| Dec 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Authors:
, , , , and
Authors:
, , , , and
Authors:
, , , , , , , , and
Authors:
, , , , and
Authors:
, , , , , and
Copyright Akadémiai Kiadó AKJournals is the trademark of Akadémiai Kiadó's journal publishing business branch.
Powered by PubFactory