Aims
Recent research has suggested that for some individuals, educational studying may become compulsive and excessive and lead to ‘study addiction’. The present study conceptualized and assessed study addiction within the framework of workaholism, defining it as compulsive over-involvement in studying that interferes with functioning in other domains and that is detrimental for individuals and/or their environment.
Methods
The Bergen Study Addiction Scale (BStAS) was tested — reflecting seven core addiction symptoms (salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, relapse, and problems) — related to studying. The scale was administered via a cross-sectional survey distributed to Norwegian (n = 218) and Polish (n = 993) students with additional questions concerning demographic variables, study-related variables, health, and personality.
Results
A one-factor solution had acceptable fit with the data in both samples and the scale demonstrated good reliability. Scores on BStAS converged with scores on learning engagement. Study addiction (BStAS) was significantly related to specific aspects of studying (longer learning time, lower academic performance), personality traits (higher neuroticism and conscientiousness, lower extroversion), and negative health-related factors (impaired general health, decreased quality of life and sleep quality, higher perceived stress).
Conclusions
It is concluded that BStAS has good psychometric properties, making it a promising tool in the assessment of study addiction. Study addiction is related in predictable ways to personality and health variables, as predicted from contemporary workaholism theory and research.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA:American Psychiatric Publishing
-
Andreassen, C. S. (2014). Workaholism: An overview and current status of the research. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3, 1–11
-
Andreassen, C., Griffiths, M., Gjertsen, S., Krossbakken, E., Kvam, S. & Pallesen, S. (2013). The relationships between behavioral addictions and the five-factor model of personality., Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 2, 90–99
-
Andreassen, C. S., Griffiths, M. D., Hetland, J., Kravina, L., Jensen, F. & Pallesen, S. (2014). The prevalence of workaholism: A survey study in a nationally representative sample of Norwegian employees. PLoS One, 9, e102446. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102446
-
Andreassen, C. S., Griffiths, M. D., Hetland, J. & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a work addiction scale. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 53, 265–272
-
Andreassen, C. S., Hetland, J., Molde, H. & Pallesen, S. (2011). ‘Workaholism’ and potential outcomes in well-being and health in a cross-occupational sample. Stress and Health, 27, E209–E214
-
Andreassen, C. S., Hetland, J. & Pallesen, S. (2010). The relationship between ‘workaholism’, basic needs satisfaction at work and personality. European Journal of Personality, 24, 3–17
-
Andreassen, C. S., Hetland, J. & Pallesen, S. (2013). Workaholism and work-family spillover in a cross-occupational sample. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 22, 78–87
-
Andreassen, C. S., Hetland, J. & Pallesen, S. (2014). Psychometric assessment of workaholism measures. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29, 7–24
-
Andreassen, C. S. & Pallesen, S. (in press). Workaholism: An addiction to work. In V. R. Preedy (Ed.), The neuropathology of drugaddictions and substance misuse. London: Adademic Press
-
Atroszko, P. A. (2010). Uzależnienie od pracy–wynik „słabej woli” czy potrzeby doskonałości? Studia Psychologica, 10, 179–201
-
Atroszko, P. A. (2011). Uzależnienie od pracy jako zakłócenie równowagi między pracą a czasem wolnym. In J. Osiński (Ed.), Praca, społeczeństwo, gospodarka. Między polityką arynkiem (pp. 17–29). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo SGH
-
Atroszko, P. A. (2012). Research on behavioural addictions: Work addiction. In M. Baranowska-Szczepańska & M. Gołaszewski (Eds.), Modern research trends of young scientists: Currentstatus, problems and prospects (pp. 11–24). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Handlu i Usług
-
Atroszko, P. A. (2013). Zachowania i postawy studentów związane z uczeniem się a determinanty rozwoju gospodarki opartej na wiedzy. In J. Osiński & M. Pachocka (Eds.), Zmieniającysięświat. Perspektywa demograficzna, społeczna i gospodarcza (pp. 185–197). Warszawa: Oficyna Wydawnicza Szkoły Głównej Handlowej
-
Atroszko, P. A. (2014). Developing brief scales for educational research: Reliability of single-item self-report measures of learning engagement and exam stress. In M. McGreevy & R. Rita (Eds.), Proceedings of the 1st Biannual CER Comparative European Research Conference (pp. 172–175). London: Sciemcee Publishing
-
Aziz, S. & Tronzo, C. L. (2011). Exploring the relationship between workaholism facets and personality traits: A replication in American workers. Psychological Record, 61, 269–285
-
Berczik, K., Griffiths, M. D., Szabó, A., Kökönyei, G., Urbán, R. & Demetrovics, Z. (2014). Exercise addiction: The emergence of a new disorder. Australian Epidemiologist, 21, 36–40
-
Brown, R. I. F. (1993). Some contributions of the study of gambling to the study of other addictions. In W. R. Eadington & J. A. Cornelius (Eds.), Gambling behavior and problem gambling (pp. 241–272). Reno, NV: University of Nevada
-
Burke, R. J., Matthiesen, S. B. & Pallesen, S. (2006). Personality correlates of workaholism. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1223–1233
-
Chambers, R. A. & Potenza, M. N. (2003). Neurodevelopment, impulsivity, and adolescent gambling. Journal of Gambing Studies, 19, 53–84
-
Clark, M. A., Lelchook, A. M. & Taylor, M. L. (2010). Beyond the Big Five: How narcissism, perfectionism, and dispositional affect relate to workaholism. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 786–791
-
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T. & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 385–396
-
Cozby, P. C. (2009). Methods in behavioral research (10th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education
-
Falco, A., Girardi, D., Kravina, L., Trifiletti, E., Bartolucci, G. B., Capozza, D. & De Carlo, N. A. (2013). The mediating role of psychophysic strain in the relationship between workaholism, job performance, and sickness absence. A longitudinal study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55, 1255–1261
-
Fischer, G. (2000). Lifelong learning—more than training. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 11, 265–294
-
Flowers, C. P. & Robinson, B. (2002). A structural and discriminant analysis of the work addiction risk test. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62, 5117–526
-
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J. & Swann Jr, W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504–528
-
Griffiths, M. D. (2005). A ‘components’ model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use, 10, 191–197
-
Hu, L. T. & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55
-
Karanika-Murray, M., Duncan, N., Pontes, H. & Griffiths, M. D. (in press). I belong therefore I am: An empirical investigation of work engagement, organizational identification and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology
-
Kubota, K., Shimazu, A., Kawakami, N. & Takahashi, M. (2012). Workaholism and sleep quality among Japanese employees: A prospective cohort study. International Journal of Behavioural Medicine, 21, 66–76
-
Leshner, A. I. (1997). Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters. Science, 278, 45–47
-
McCrae, R. R. & Costa Jr, P. T. (2004). A contemplated revision of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 587–596
-
Robinson, B. E. (1996). Concurrent validity of the Work Addiction Risk Test as a measure of workaholism. Psychological Reports, 79, 1313–1314
-
Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I. M., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M. & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students — A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 464–481
-
Shimazu, A., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Shimada, K. & Kawakami, N. (2011). Workaholism and well-being among Japanese dual-earner couples: A spillover-crossover perspective. Social Science and Medicine, 73, 399–409
-
Shimazu, A. & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Is workaholism good or bad for employee well-being? The distinctiveness of workaholism and work engagement among Japanese employees. Industrial Health, 47, 495–502
-
Shimazu, A., Schaufeli, W. B., Kubota, K. & Kawakami, N. (2012). Do workaholism and work engagement predict employee well-being and performance in opposite directions? Industry Health, 50, 316–321
-
Shimazu, A., Schaufeli, W. B. & Taris, T. W. (2010). How does workaholism affect worker health and performance? The mediating role of coping. International Journal of Behavioural Medicine, 17, 154–160
-
Skevington, S. M., Lotfy, M. & O’Connell, K. A. (2004). The World Health Organization’s WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment: Psychometric properties and results of the international field trial. A report from the WHOQOL group. Quality of Life Research, 13, 299–310
-
Spence, J. T. & Robbins, A. S. (1992). Workaholism — definition, measurement, and preliminary results. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 160–178
-
van Beek, I., Taris, T. W. & Schaufeli, W. B. (2011). Workaholic and work engaged employees: Dead ringers or worlds apart? Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16, 468–482
Please, download the file from HERE
Dr. Zsolt Demetrovics
Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
Address: Izabella u. 46. H-1064 Budapest, Hungary
Phone: +36-1-461-2681
E-mail: jba@ppk.elte.hu
Indexing and Abstracting Services:
- Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded (also known as SciSearch®)
- Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition
- Social Sciences Citation Index®
- Journal Citation Reports/ Social Sciences Edition
- Current Contents®/Social and Behavioral Sciences
- EBSCO
- GoogleScholar
- PsycINFO
- PubMed Central
- SCOPUS
- Medline
- CABI
- CABELLS Journalytics
| 2021 | |
|---|---|
| Web of Science | |
| Total Cites WoS |
5223 |
| Journal Impact Factor | 7,772 |
| Rank by Impact Factor | Psychiatry SCIE 26/155 Psychiatry SSCI 19/142 |
| Impact Factor without Journal Self Cites |
7,130 |
| 5 Year Impact Factor |
9,026 |
| Journal Citation Indicator | 1,39 |
| Rank by Journal Citation Indicator |
Psychiatry 34/257 |
| Scimago | |
| Scimago H-index |
56 |
| Scimago Journal Rank |
1,951 |
| Scimago Quartile Score | Clinical Psychology (Q1) Medicine (miscellaneous) (Q1) Psychiatry and Mental Health (Q1) |
| Scopus | |
| Scopus Cite Score |
11,5 |
| Scopus CIte Score Rank |
Clinical Psychology 5/292 (D1) Psychiatry and Mental Health 20/529 (D1) Medicine (miscellaneous) 17/276 (D1) |
| Scopus SNIP |
2,184 |
| 2020 | |
| Total Cites | 4024 |
| WoS | |
| Journal Impact Factor |
6,756 |
| Rank by | Psychiatry (SSCI) 12/143 (Q1) |
| Impact Factor | Psychiatry 19/156 (Q1) |
| Impact Factor | 6,052 |
| without | |
| Journal Self Cites | |
| 5 Year | 8,735 |
| Impact Factor | |
| Journal | 1,48 |
| Citation Indicator | |
| Rank by Journal | Psychiatry 24/250 (Q1) |
| Citation Indicator | |
| Citable | 86 |
| Items | |
| Total | 74 |
| Articles | |
| Total | 12 |
| Reviews | |
| Scimago | 47 |
| H-index | |
| Scimago | 2,265 |
| Journal Rank | |
| Scimago | Clinical Psychology Q1 |
| Quartile Score | Psychiatry and Mental Health Q1 |
| Medicine (miscellaneous) Q1 | |
| Scopus | 3593/367=9,8 |
| Scite Score | |
| Scopus | Clinical Psychology 7/283 (Q1) |
| Scite Score Rank | Psychiatry and Mental Health 22/502 (Q1) |
| Scopus | 2,026 |
| SNIP | |
| Days from | 38 |
| submission | |
| to 1st decision | |
| Days from | 37 |
| acceptance | |
| to publication | |
| Acceptance | 31% |
| Rate |
| 2019 | |
|---|---|
| Total Cites WoS |
2 184 |
| Impact Factor | 5,143 |
| Impact Factor without Journal Self Cites |
4,346 |
| 5 Year Impact Factor |
5,758 |
| Immediacy Index |
0,587 |
| Citable Items |
75 |
| Total Articles |
67 |
| Total Reviews |
8 |
| Cited Half-Life |
3,3 |
| Citing Half-Life |
6,8 |
| Eigenfactor Score |
0,00597 |
| Article Influence Score |
1,447 |
| % Articles in Citable Items |
89,33 |
| Normalized Eigenfactor |
0,7294 |
| Average IF Percentile |
87,923 |
| Scimago H-index |
37 |
| Scimago Journal Rank |
1,767 |
| Scopus Scite Score |
2540/376=6,8 |
| Scopus Scite Score Rank |
Cllinical Psychology 16/275 (Q1) Medicine (miscellenous) 31/219 (Q1) Psychiatry and Mental Health 47/506 (Q1) |
| Scopus SNIP |
1,441 |
| Acceptance Rate |
32% |
| Journal of Behavioral Addictions | |
|---|---|
| Publication Model | Gold Open Access |
| Submission Fee | none |
| Article Processing Charge | 850 EUR/article |
| Printed Color Illustrations | 40 EUR (or 10 000 HUF) + VAT / piece |
| Regional discounts on country of the funding agency | World Bank Lower-middle-income economies: 50% World Bank Low-income economies: 100% |
| Further Discounts | Editorial Board / Advisory Board members: 50% Corresponding authors, affiliated to an EISZ member institution subscribing to the journal package of Akadémiai Kiadó: 100% |
| Subscription Information | Gold Open Access |
| Journal of Behavioral Addictions | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
2011 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
4 |
| Founder | Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem |
| Founder's Address |
H-1053 Budapest, Hungary Egyetem tér 1-3. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 2062-5871 (Print) |
| ISSN | 2063-5303 (Online) |
Senior editors
Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zsolt DEMETROVICS
Assistant Editor(s): Csilla ÁGOSTON
Associate Editors
- Stephanie ANTONS (Universitat Duisburg-Essen, Germany)
- Joel BILLIEUX (University of Lausanne, Switzerland)
- Beáta BŐTHE (University of Montreal, Canada)
- Matthias BRAND (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany)
- Luke CLARK (University of British Columbia, Canada)
- Ruth J. van HOLST (Amsterdam UMC, The Netherlands)
- Daniel KING (Flinders University, Australia)
- Gyöngyi KÖKÖNYEI (ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Ludwig KRAUS (IFT Institute for Therapy Research, Germany)
- Marc N. POTENZA (Yale University, USA)
- Hans-Jurgen RUMPF (University of Lübeck, Germany)
Editorial Board
- Max W. ABBOTT (Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand)
- Elias N. ABOUJAOUDE (Stanford University School of Medicine, USA)
- Hojjat ADELI (Ohio State University, USA)
- Alex BALDACCHINO (University of Dundee, United Kingdom)
- Alex BLASZCZYNSKI (University of Sidney, Australia)
- Judit BALÁZS (ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Kenneth BLUM (University of Florida, USA)
- Henrietta BOWDEN-JONES (Imperial College, United Kingdom)
- Wim VAN DEN BRINK (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
- Gerhard BÜHRINGER (Technische Universität Dresden, Germany)
- Sam-Wook CHOI (Eulji University, Republic of Korea)
- Damiaan DENYS (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
- Jeffrey L. DEREVENSKY (McGill University, Canada)
- Naomi FINEBERG (University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom)
- Marie GRALL-BRONNEC (University Hospital of Nantes, France)
- Jon E. GRANT (University of Minnesota, USA)
- Mark GRIFFITHS (Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom)
- Anneke GOUDRIAAN (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
- Heather HAUSENBLAS (Jacksonville University, USA)
- Tobias HAYER (University of Bremen, Germany)
- Susumu HIGUCHI (National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Japan)
- David HODGINS (University of Calgary, Canada)
- Eric HOLLANDER (Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA)
- Jaeseung JEONG (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea)
- Yasser KHAZAAL (Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland)
- Orsolya KIRÁLY (Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Emmanuel KUNTSCHE (La Trobe University, Australia)
- Hae Kook LEE (The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea)
- Michel LEJOXEUX (Paris University, France)
- Anikó MARÁZ (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany)
- Giovanni MARTINOTTI (‘Gabriele d’Annunzio’ University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy)
- Astrid MÜLLER (Hannover Medical School, Germany)
- Frederick GERARD MOELLER (University of Texas, USA)
- Daniel Thor OLASON (University of Iceland, Iceland)
- Nancy PETRY (University of Connecticut, USA)
- Bettina PIKÓ (University of Szeged, Hungary)
- Afarin RAHIMI-MOVAGHAR (Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Iran)
- József RÁCZ (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary)
- Rory C. REID (University of California Los Angeles, USA)
- Marcantanio M. SPADA (London South Bank University, United Kingdom)
- Daniel SPRITZER (Study Group on Technological Addictions, Brazil)
- Dan J. STEIN (University of Cape Town, South Africa)
- Sherry H. STEWART (Dalhousie University, Canada)
- Attila SZABÓ (Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Ferenc TÚRY (Semmelweis University, Hungary)
- Alfred UHL (Austrian Federal Health Institute, Austria)
- Róbert URBÁN (ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary)
- Johan VANDERLINDEN (University Psychiatric Center K.U.Leuven, Belgium)
- Alexander E. VOISKOUNSKY (Moscow State University, Russia)
- Aviv M. WEINSTEIN (Ariel University, Israel)
- Kimberly YOUNG (Center for Internet Addiction, USA)
Monthly Content Usage
| Abstract Views | Full Text Views | PDF Downloads | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 2022 | 0 | 82 | 64 |
| Nov 2022 | 0 | 86 | 102 |
| Dec 2022 | 0 | 89 | 92 |
| Jan 2023 | 0 | 75 | 53 |
| Feb 2023 | 0 | 254 | 63 |
| Mar 2023 | 0 | 115 | 53 |
| Apr 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Copyright Akadémiai Kiadó
AKJournals is the trademark of Akadémiai Kiadó's journal publishing business branch.
Copyright Akadémiai Kiadó AKJournals is the trademark of Akadémiai Kiadó's journal publishing business branch.
Powered by PubFactory