Bevezetés: A szerzők a májátültetést követően kialakult mikrobás fertőzéseket, a mintavételek eredményeit, a multidrug-rezisztencia incidenciáját vizsgálták a hazai betegek körében. Célkitűzés: Tanulmányozták a bakteriális fertőzés kialakulásának kockázati tényezőit, az infekciókhoz kapcsolódó szövődmények előfordulását, lefolyását, és részletes kórokozó-spektrumelemzést végeztek. Módszer: 2003–2012 között májátültetett 408 beteg adatait (281 bakteriológiai tenyésztést) vizsgálták. Eredmények: A 408 beteg közül 70 betegnél (17%) észleltek klinikai tünetekkel járó fertőzést. A tenyésztési lelet 58 betegnél (14,2%) pozitív, 12 betegnél (2,9%) negatív volt. Hét esetben (12,1%) alakult ki cholangitis, 17 esetben (29,3%) fordult elő hasűri és 28 esetben (48,3%) pulmonalis eredetű fertőzés. Posztoperatív fertőzés gyakrabban lépett fel kezdeti csökkent graftműködés, akut veseelégtelenség, epeúti szövődmény és hasűri vérzés mellett. Infekció kialakulása esetén az 1, 3 és 5 éves betegtúlélés 70%, 56% és 56% volt, míg infekció nélkül ez 94%, 87%, 85% volt (p<0,001). A kitenyészett baktériumok 56%-ánál találtak multidrug-rezisztenciát, viszont nem volt szignifikáns különbség a multidrug-rezisztencia pozitív és negatív baktériummal fertőzött csoportok egyéves betegtúlélése között (70,2% mindkettő). Következtetések: Az infekciókontroll, a multidrug-rezisztens kórokozók menedzselése a preventív, higiéniai, izolációs elvek kialakítását, betartását, valamint műtéttechnikai, transzfúziós, antibiotikus stratégiák, folyamatok fejlesztését kell, hogy megcélozza, szakmai csapatmunka keretén belül. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(34), 1366–1382.
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